Texas public schools now have the option to incorporate a new state-developed curriculum that includes Bible stories, after the state’s school board approved the material in a close 8-7 vote on Friday. This curriculum, known as Bluebonnet Learning, will be available as part of the K-5 reading and English language arts resources for the 2025-26 school year. While it is optional for school districts, those who choose to use it could receive a financial incentive of $60 per student annually.
The curriculum, created by the Texas Education Agency (TEA) under the leadership of Texas Education Commissioner Mike Morath, has sparked considerable controversy. Critics argue that it heavily promotes Christianity over other religions and could potentially violate the “establishment clause” of the First Amendment, which prohibits the government from endorsing a particular religion. Rachel Laser, CEO of Americans United for Separation of Church and State, called the curriculum unconstitutional, claiming it infringes on the religious freedom of Texas families and should not be imposed by government officials.
Texas operates with independent school districts, allowing each district the autonomy to choose its curriculum. While not mandatory, Bluebonnet Learning will be part of a list of available resources that school districts can select from, with financial incentives to encourage adoption. Despite this, some worry that the curriculum’s widespread adoption is likely due to the substantial financial benefit it offers schools.
One of the curriculum’s main critics, Staci Childs, a board member from Houston, expressed concerns about the exclusivity of the material. Representing one of the most diverse districts in Texas, Childs pointed out that the curriculum primarily reflects Christian teachings, leaving little room for other religious traditions. She predicted the curriculum would face significant legal challenges, as it might alienate families who do not identify with Christianity.
The ACLU of Texas also voiced strong opposition, arguing that the curriculum disregards the principle of religious freedom that has been a cornerstone of American society. The organization urges districts to reject it in favor of maintaining religious diversity and respecting constitutional rights.
In response to these concerns, proponents of the curriculum, including Governor Greg Abbott, argue that understanding religion is essential for comprehending history, art, literature, and pivotal American events such as the Civil Rights Movement and the American Revolution. The TEA has stated that the curriculum was designed using evidence-based practices to ensure that the lessons are developmentally appropriate.
The Bluebonnet Learning material has been met with further criticism for its content. For example, the kindergarten curriculum includes teachings on the Golden Rule through Jesus’ Sermon on the Mount, and first-grade students will learn about the Parable of the Prodigal Son. Critics argue that these lessons are too focused on Christian teachings, particularly for young children, and do not sufficiently represent the religious diversity found in Texas.
Mark Chancey, a professor of religious studies, highlighted that the curriculum places far more emphasis on Christianity than on other religious traditions. He expressed concern that children might take these religious stories literally, leading to confusion and a lack of understanding of other cultures and beliefs.
Additionally, organizations such as Texas AFT and the Texas Freedom Network have criticized the curriculum for veering too close to proselytizing, suggesting that it prioritizes Christianity and the Bible over all other religious teachings. On the other hand, supporters of the curriculum argue that religious education plays an important role in understanding American history and culture, asserting that the inclusion of Bible stories is academically relevant.
While Texas has a strong Christian majority, with a large percentage of the population identifying as Protestant or Catholic, there are also significant Muslim and Jewish communities. Critics argue that the curriculum’s emphasis on Christianity leaves out important perspectives from these and other religious groups.
As this curriculum moves forward, it remains to be seen how school districts will respond to the option, with many anticipating legal battles and ongoing debates over the separation of church and state in public education.